National League for Nursing (NLN PAX) Practice Exam

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Which of the following pH values represents the most basic solution?

  1. 2

  2. 4

  3. 12

  4. 14

The correct answer is: 14

A pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, with values ranging from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, which means that solutions with a pH less than 7 are acidic, while those with a pH greater than 7 are basic (or alkaline). Among the options given, a pH of 14 represents the most basic solution. In fact, it is the maximum value on the pH scale, indicating a very strong basic solution. This is typically found in substances like sodium hydroxide or other strong bases. Thus, a pH of 14 implies a higher concentration of hydroxide ions (OH⁻), which contribute to its basicity. In contrast, the other pH values listed represent acidic or less basic solutions: a pH of 2 is highly acidic, a pH of 4 is mildly acidic, and a pH of 12 indicates a basic solution but not as strong as that with a pH of 14.